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Reference desk for poker rules, odds and terminology
Reference

Poker Reference Desk

Lookup pages for poker: the hand ranking ladder, exact probabilities, seat names, betting structures, tournament formats and a timeline of the game.

Last reviewed 28 October 20263 sections2 min read

This section holds the pages worth bookmarking rather than reading once: the tables a player checks mid-session and the definitions that settle disagreements at the table.

Every number here comes from one source file inside the site, so a figure quoted on a strategy page matches the figure in the reference table it came from.

Quick Answers

Which hand wins?

The ten categories in order, with exact frequencies and the rules for breaking ties.

How often does that happen?

Probabilities for the situations that come up most in hold'em.

What is the cutoff?

Every seat at a nine-handed table and what acting from it means.

How much may I bet?

No-limit, pot-limit, fixed-limit, spread-limit and cap games compared.

What kind of tournament is this?

Freezeouts, re-entries, bounties, satellites and the rest.

When did that start?

A timeline of the game from its ancestors to the online era.

The Figures Used Across the Site

These are the numbers quoted most often in the strategy pages. They are reproduced here so they can be checked without opening an article, and they come from the same source file the rest of the site uses.

FigureValueWhere it matters
Five-card hands in a deck2,598,960Fixes the ranking order
Two-card starting hands1,326 combinations, 169 distinctStarting hand selection
Any pocket pair dealt5.9%How often set-mining spots arise
Flopping a set with a pair11.8%Whether a small pair can call a raise
Flush draw, flop to river35.0%Pricing a call with pot odds
Flush draw, turn to river19.6%The same call one street later
Open-ended straight draw, flop to river31.5%Eight outs with two cards to come
Rainbow flop39.8%How often no flush draw is possible

Each of those appears in full context on the probabilities page, together with the counting method behind it.

How to Use These Pages

  • Every table has a heading anchor, so a specific row can be linked or bookmarked rather than the whole page.
  • Wide tables collapse into stacked cards on a phone, with the column name shown above each value.
  • Figures described as exact are counts of combinations; figures described as approximate shift with the specific cards held.
  • Where a rule differs between card rooms — the short-deck ranking, odd chip allocation, draw caps — the page names the variation rather than picking one.
  • Nothing here is specific to an operator or a platform; the rules described are the ones card rooms apply in general.

Read next

Reference

Hand Rankings

The ten poker hands in order, how often each one appears in a five-card deal, and the rules that settle ties between hands of the same rank.

Hands ranked Ten categories, royal flush down to high card

Reference

Poker Probabilities

The numbers behind the common decisions: how often hands are dealt, how often draws complete, and what each flop texture appears at.

Five-card hands in a deck 2,598,960

Reference

Table Positions

Every seat at a poker table named and explained: the blinds, under the gun, the lojack, hijack, cutoff and button, at nine-handed, six-handed and heads-up tables.

Reference point The button, which moves clockwise each hand

Reference

Betting Structures

No-limit, pot-limit, fixed-limit, spread-limit and cap games compared: what each allows, how raises are calculated, and how the structure changes the way a variant plays.

Most common today No-limit, in hold'em

Reference

Tournament Formats

Freezeouts, re-entries, bounties, satellites, shootouts and turbos: what each format changes about entry, elimination and the way a stack should be played.

Default format Freezeout: one entry, no return

Reference

Poker Timeline

How poker reached its present form: the betting games that preceded it, the spread of the 52-card deck, the arrival of community cards, and the online era.

Ancestors Betting games including poque, primero and as-nas